Spain is set to implement sweeping changes to its road safety and traffic regulations beginning October 1, 2026. These new rules will impact all road users, including motorists, cyclists, motorcyclists, moped users, pedestrians, and electric scooter riders, with the goal of enhancing road safety and clarifying interactions between drivers and vulnerable road users.
Among the key changes, drivers overtaking cyclists, pedestrians, mopeds, and other vulnerable road users outside built-up areas will need to maintain a minimum lateral distance of 1.5 meters. On roads with multiple lanes in the same direction, drivers must completely change lanes. Additionally, they are required to reduce their speed by at least 20 km/h below the applicable speed limit during such maneuvers.
Specific requirements are also being introduced for motorcyclists and moped riders. While helmets will continue to be mandatory, new rules will require the use of protective gloves and closed footwear that covers the entire foot when riding on roads outside built-up areas. Electric scooter and personal mobility vehicle users will be required to wear approved helmets on all roads, and they must be at least 15 years old to operate these vehicles. These riders will generally be prohibited from using motorways and certain other roads.
Cyclists will need to adhere to updated regulations concerning lane positioning and overtaking. Those under 16 will have to wear helmets on all roads, and cyclists traveling at night or in poor visibility on interurban roads must equip themselves with appropriate lighting and reflective gear. Additionally, during traffic congestion on motorways, drivers will need to create a clear path for emergency vehicles by positioning their vehicles accordingly when traffic is stationary or moving slowly and emergency signals are in use.
The new rules also extend to drivers whose vehicles break down on interurban roads, requiring them to maintain sufficient distance and reduce speed when passing stopped vehicles. Other provisions address high-visibility vests, mobile phone use, radar-jamming equipment, and the movement of heavy vehicles.
While most changes will take effect in 2026, some provisions, such as certain daytime lighting requirements for personal mobility vehicles, will be introduced in October 2027. These regulatory updates aim to bolster road safety across Spain, creating a safer environment for all users.